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The Master Channel configuration defines a "Scan Group" to a collection of field units that may be over one of the available serial or network circuits. The Master Channel defines how each field unit is scanned over the network, and is independent of which protocols are being used on individual field units.

AttributesFunction
Object TypeMaster Channel
Parent(s)System → Clients → Master Channels
Instance0 to 15 (typically 15 is reserved for Internal Channels

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PropertiesValues
Name

Enter the Master Channel name.

This is the name which appears in the user diagnostics menu, and is also see in an HCP diagnostic window if used with Elecsys HCP. 

Channel Type

In some configurations this may be listed as "Direct Master", which includes a few operational differences noted below. The main differences between the Channel Types are listed below:

Direct Master

  • Global Scan Period
  • One failed poll changes RTU comms status.

Direct Master Flex Scan

  • Scan Period configured for each scan.
  • All "effective" polls must fail before RTU comms status fails. 
Auto Start

Select the automatic polling method for the channel.

Automatic polling types supported are:

  • Yes – polling started automatically upon power-up
  • No – polling started manually through the MMI
  • Link Based Poll – polling is started only after a P/R connection has been made from an HCP. 
Response Timeout

Enter the response timeout in milliseconds.

Time in milliseconds to wait for a poll response before declaring the message failed.

For Network Circuits, if a scan fails because the socket is broken or interface is unavailable, then the Master Channel protocol will wait a period of time (Response Timeout * 2) to try the next IP address in the Circuit. 

Broadcast Delay

Enter the broadcast delay in milliseconds. When a host computer sends a command to a field unit via the Master Channel, some field units do not want to be polled again for a certain amount of time to allow processing the command. This option allows normal polling to be delayed temporarily.

Delay in milliseconds after a command is sent to the field device before normal polling resumes. Normally this can be left to the default of 0. Unused.

Interpoll delay

Enter the interpoll delay in milliseconds. Use this to add a delay between each poll sent by the channel to any field unit.

Time in milliseconds to wait between each poll. 

Scan Effective Limit

The Scan Effective Limit is the time (in seconds) defining which scans in the Scan Table are considered "effective" – meaning, polls which affect the status of the Field Unit if there are poll failures. Scan Table entries which have a Scan Period greater than the Scan Effective Limit do not mark the Field Unit offline when the scan fails.

For instance, if the Scan Effective Limit is configured for 30 seconds, then any scans defined with Scan Period <= 30 will be used to mark the Field unit online or offline. Scans with Scan Period greater than 30 will not mark the Field Unit offline even if they fail. The Scan Effective Limit only applies to the "Direct Master Flex Scan Table" version of the channel object.

A Scan Effective Limit of 0 disables this feature, thus all polls will affect the Field Unit status. 

Network Recovery

Enter the network recovery period in seconds.

Time period to wait after an RTU fails, before attempting to re-establish communications with that RTU. This will take the device off scan, allowing other devices on the channel to be polled more frequently and not waste as much time retrying a failed device. 

Scan Table

Click the Edit Table button to define the order and selection of polls to be sent to all field units on this channel, independent of protocol. Field Unit configurations (Modbus, etc.) define the protocol-specific nature of the individual polls that are sentnature of the individual polls that are sent.

Only one Unit Address/Poll Record combination can be entered in the Scan Table. Any subsequent table entries with duplicate Unit Address/Poll Record will be ignored.

Scan Table details:

Unit Address - This is the Field Unit Address as configured in each field unit on this Channel. (To force the Scan Table to ignore the Scan Period, enter a Scan Table row with the Unit Address of -1.) 

Poll Record - This is the row number in the Poll Record in the Field Unit definition. The first row in a Poll Table is referenced as record 1. Only those polls which are to be polled continuously need to be listed in this Scan Table. 

Scan Period - Enter the scan period in seconds. The Scan Period is the amount of time to use for scheduling each scan (global for all scans in the Direct Master, or configured per scan row in the Direct Master Flex Scan Table). 

For the Direct Master, the channel will restart the scan table sequence after the Scan Period has expired. If the total time for a given channel exceeds the scan period, the next scan shall be scheduled immediately.

For the Direct Master Flex Scan Table, each poll is scheduled based on its own Scan Period. If the total time required for scans at any point is greater than allowed by the Scan Periods, the scans will operate as fast as possible. 

Setting a Scan Period to a negative number will disable a scan. However, the first entry in the Scan Table for each Unit Address should not be disabled, or it may not correctly set the Alive/Dead status of the unit. 

Comment - Optional column, allowing a descriptive comment to be entered for each row in the table. The Comment field is unused in the configuration.

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An Async Circuit is a serial communications path to one or more field units from a common Master Channel, using an Async serial port. The Async Circuit allows for redundant serial ports to a common set of field units, such as a Primary and Secondary radio or modem communication path.

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PropertiesValues
Primary Port

Select the primary physical communication port for this circuit. 

The selected port must be defined as an object under Networks, where its Async port properties (baud rate, etc.) are also defined (see the section Async Port31883275).

The same port (e.g. COM1) may also be shared with certain other tasks, such as Terminal Server, and may be used with Virtual Ports.

 


Network Circuit

A Network Circuit is an IP network communications path to one or more field units from a common Master Channel. The Network Circuit is used when the field unit is connected via a network, such as TCP/IP, PPP, or SLIP.

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See the Protocol_HART-Master protocol documentation for information on configuring the HART Circuit and FieldUnit.

NMEA (GPS) Field Unit

 


   The NMEA Field Unit object contains unique information for a special internal Field Unit that reads location information from an Elecsys cellular modem.

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FieldUnit - Modbus Master (and others)

See the Elecsys documentation on various FieldUnit protocols for information on configuring the FieldUnit, including protocol-specific Poll Table, such as:

   – Protocol_Modbus-Master

  – Modbus SOS (Specific Outstation) poll modifications

   – Protocol_DF1-CSP-Master

  – Protocol_HART-Master 


RTDB – RealTime DataBase

  An RTDB (Real Time DataBase) defines the size of the virtual database reserved for the Field Unit. All FieldUnit objects require a child RTDB in order to function properly, which is defined using a numeric register address format (typically, using Modbus-like addresses).

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The RTDB object supports several additional optional child objects (see the sections Deadband31883275 , Pre-Initialized RTDB31883275, Tag  Names, Data Blocking31883275, and Timestamp31883275).

PropertiesValues
Database Definition

Click the Edit Table button to edit the details of the RTDB definition.

Point Count – Enter the number of data points of this type to be allocated space in the database.

Field Format – Select the point data format:

Boolean – Boolean
UINT8 – Unsigned 8-bit integer (0 to 255)
SINT16 – Signed 16-bit integer (-32,768 to 32,767)
UINT16 – Unsigned 16-bit integer (0 to 65,535)
SINT32 – Signed 32-bit long integer
UINT32 – Unsigned 32-bit long integer
REAL32 – IEEE floating point (32-bit)
STRING32 – Each field contains up to 32 ASCII characters
STRING256 – Each field contains up to 256 ASCII characters
EVENT – Timestamped event data obtained from field device.

The following field formats are the same as the above but do not generate an RBE flag when the data changes, even if the Field Unit is set to Produce RBEs=Yes.

No-Rbe Boolean – Boolean
No-Rbe UINT8 – Unsigned 8-bit integer (0 to 255)
No-Rbe SINT16 – Signed 16-bit integer (-32,768 to 32,767)
No-Rbe UINT16 – Unsigned 16-bit integer (0 to 65,535)
No-Rbe SINT32 – Signed 32-bit long integer
No-Rbe UINT32 – Unsigned 32-bit long integer
No-Rbe REAL32 – IEEE floating point (32-bit)
No-Rbe STRING32 – Each field contains up to 32 ASCII characters
No-Rbe STRING256 – Each field contains up to 256 ASCII characters

Data Address – Enter the address of the starting register within the RTDB for the Field Format and Count defined on this row.
The RTDB fields must be defined so they are non-overlapping, and there need to be enough data points defined to hold all of the data returned in the Poll Table entries defined for this FieldUnit.
All RTDB database fields (except String types) may hold 32-bit data items, regardless of the data type or address. The RTDB typically uses registers defined in the range of Modbus addresses, although this is not a strict requirement. However, if the RTDB is connected to a Modbus Slave Channel, it does require Modbus addressing to work properly as a slave (see the Modbus Slave Channel documentation).

Comment - Optional column, allowing a descriptive comment to be entered for each row in the table. The Comment field is unused in the configuration.

 


Deadband

  A Deadband object defines deadbands for the data fields configured within a Real-time Database (RTDB). This is only used to reduce the communications traffic on an RBE (Report by Exception) connection. If no RBE connection is configured, an RTDB does not require a Deadband object.

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For example, let's say the RTDB is configured with the following fields:


 

Point Count

Type

Data address

Field 1:

100

Boolean

1

Field 2:

100

Boolean

10001

Field 3:

100

UINT16

30001

Field 4:

100

UINT32

40001

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Field

Offset

Count

Deadband

Explanation

3

0

4

205

Deadband for 30,001-30,004, 5% of its range

4

2

1

100

Deadband for 40,003

4

3

1

500

Deadband for 40,004

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Pre-Initialized RTDB

  Ordinarily, all RTDB database locations are initialized to zero values upon system startup (or zero-length strings). However, sometimes it may be desired to initialize certain database locations to a non-zero value, before any polling or other data operation occurs. Each RTDB has an optional ACE object that allows one or more registers to be initialized at startup.

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PropertiesValues
Init ValuesClick the Edit Table button to define any pre-initialized RTDB values. 
  • Data Address – Enter the starting register number to define default values. This should be a register number that is defined as part of the RTDB. 
  • Count – Enter a count of registers, beginning with Data Address, that should be initialized to the same value. 
  • Init Value – Enter the value to which the register(s) will be initialized on startup. For Boolean registers, enter a '0' or '1' initial value. For floating point registers, enter the initial value in floating point format. 
  • Comment - Optional column, allowing a descriptive comment to be entered for each row in the table. The Comment field is unused in the configuration.

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Tag Names

 

RTDB database locations are configured using numeric address locations. However, the optional Tag Names child object under the RTDB allows one or more numeric address to be associated with an ASCII tag. This may be used for publishing data by tag using MQTT, for internal display using Custom Reports, and they may be used for other purposes.

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PropertiesValues
Init Values 

Click the Edit Table button to define any RTDB tags. 

  • Register Address – Enter the RTDB register address in the parent RTDB object. 
  • Tag Name – Enter an ASCII tag (up to 32 characters). Do not use the following characters: "|" (pipe), "\" (backslash), and "," (comma). Space characters in the tag are converted to underscores.
  • Comment - Optional column, allowing a descriptive comment to be entered for each row in the table. The Comment field is unused in the configuration.

 


Include Page
Tag Name Substitutions
Tag Name Substitutions

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AttributesFunction
Object Type 
Parent(s)System → Clients → Master Channels → Master Channel → Circuit → Field Unit → RTDB
InstanceMust be 0

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PropertiesValues
Reserved

Unused field 

Timestamp

Click the Edit Table button to add as many rows as necessary to define the Timestamp operation. 

Poll Number – Enter the row number of the poll defined in the unit's Poll Table.

Whenever this poll occurs for the defined points (or when any changed data points are stored in the RTDB field), a timestamp is also stored. Poll numbers start at 1. 

Stamp Address – Register address within the RTDB for this Field Unit in which to store the timestamp value for this poll.

The Stamp Address should be the first of one or more registers with a UINT16 or UINT32 data type, and must be defined in the RTDB with the correct quantity and type. Make sure that each register or registers occupied by the timestamp are not overwritten by any other data value to avoid conflicting data.

Stamp Format – Data format to use when storing data into the specified register (UINT16 or UINT32). 

The Stamp Format should be chosen appropriately to match the Stamp Type (below), and the data type of the RTDB register. UINT24 or UINT32 data types should be stored into a UINT32 RTDB register.

    • UINT16
    • UINT32
    • UINT64 (seconds*1000 + mSec from 1969 if Packed, else 1979)

Stamp Type – Format in which to store the timestamp.

  • 32 bit centi-seconds (1 reg, Always) - Store timestamp at the time each poll is initiated, as a 32-bit number as centi-seconds (10's of milliseconds) since the last startup.
  • 32 bit seconds + mSec (2 reg, Always) - Store timestamp at the time each poll is initiated, as two 32-bit numbers (seconds since January 1, 19801970; and milliseconds).
  • YYYY,MM,DD,HH,mm,ss,mSec (7 reg, Always) - Store timestamp at the time each poll is initiated, as seven 16-bit registers containing year, month (1-12), day (1-31), hour, minute, second, milliseconds.
  • 32 bit centi-seconds (1 reg, Post-Deadband) - Store timestamp only on changed RTDB data, as a 32-bit number as centi-seconds (10's of milliseconds) since the last startup.
  • 32 bit seconds + mSec (2 reg, Post-Deadband) - Store timestamp only on changed RTDB data, as two 32-bit numbers (seconds since January 1, 19801970; and milliseconds).
  • YYYY,MM,DD,HH,mm,ss,mSec (7 reg, Post-Deadband) - Store timestamp only on changed RTDB data, as seven 16-bit registers containing year, month (1-12), day (1-31), hour, minute, second, milliseconds. 

Comment - Optional column, allowing a descriptive comment to be entered for each row in the table. The Comment field is unused in the configuration.

 

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